USGS Great Salt Lake Hydro Mapper
The USGS Great Salt Lake Hydro Mapper provides easy access to three information resources for Great Salt Lake:
- Salinity and Lake Levels
- Graphs that show the relationship between salinity and lake level as well as satellite imagery of the changing lake surface area.
- Water Data
- Lake levels for the southern and northern arms of the lake and discharge for locations on major surface water inflows are included.
- Great Salt Lake Basin Water Dashboard
- Interactive map that provides real-time stream, lake and reservoir, and groundwater data for USGS observation stations. Weather and other hydrologic information can be added as layers to the map.
Great Salt Lake Resolution (HCR-10) Steering Group
Recommendations to Ensure Adequate Water Flows to Great Salt Lake and Its Wetlands
In response to the decrease in Great Salt Lake levels, the Utah Legislature passed “Concurrent Resolution to Address Declining Water Level of Great Salt Lake” (HCR-10) in 2019. The resolution recognizes “the critical importance of ensuring adequate water flows to Great Salt Lake and its wetlands to maintain a healthy and sustainable ecosystem.” To avoid adverse impacts to Utah’s economy, environment, and the public health of its citizens, long-term watershed planning is required. HCR-10 recommended that a diverse group of stakeholders convene to make recommendations on how to ensure adequate water flows to Great Salt Lake. Their report was completed in December 2020.
Conservation Impacts Study
To inform future water resource planning decisions that may affect Great Salt Lake, the Conservation Impact Study examines the potential impacts of water conservation on water resource planning and develops an action plan of additional studies needed to assist policy makers in more completely understanding the role of conservation in future water resource planning. This evaluation focuses on four primary water providers in northern Utah: Bear River Water Conservancy District (WCD), Cache Water District, Jordan Valley WCD, and Weber Basin WCD. The Study finds that if additional water conservation efforts can significantly decrease water use, there is the potential to further delay, reduce the magnitude, or perhaps even eliminate the need for future large water development projects, such as the currently defined Bear River Development project.
Water Strategies for Great Salt Lake
Building upon the work completed in 2017 to compile potential strategies to address declining lake levels, GSLAC commission Clyde Snow & Sessions and Jacobs Engineering, Inc. to evaluate priority strategies thought to have a high potential to improve water management and increase water deliveries to Great Salt Lake. GSLAC identified 12 priority strategies are organized as Foundational, Operational, and Tactical in nature. Foundational Strategies are intended to remove legal constraints to delivering water to Great Salt Lake. The Operational Strategies serve to inform decision and policy makers, water users, and managers. Tactical Strategies serve to incentivize water users to protect, conserve, and make available water that could be used for deliveries to Great Salt Lake. The Report is intended to provide specific useful information on each strategy so the water user community can choose where to spend their resources in achieving the overarching goal of maintaining or increasing Great Salt Lake levels.
Consequences of Declining Water Levels
To better understand the implications that could result from continued declining water levels at Great Salt Lake, the Great Salt Lake Advisory Council commissioned two reports:
The first report, “Consequences of Drying Lakes Around the World,” examines eight lakes with similar characteristics to Great Salt Lake. It found that drying lakes result in billions of dollars of economic losses, require extensive mitigation efforts and pose severe threats to human health and the environment.
The second report “Assessment of Potential Costs of Declining Water Levels in Great Salt Lake,” synthesizes information from scientific literature, agency reports, informational interviews, and other sources to detail how and to what extent costs could occur at sustained lower lake levels.
Water for Great Salt Lake
In response to an observed long-term decline in Great Salt Lake water levels, in 2017, GSLAC, in cooperation with SWCA Environmental Consultants, compiled a list of potential strategies to increase or maintain water delivery to Great Salt Lake. Strategies were solicited and submitted anonymously or without attribution. This document is intended to facilitate a discussion of potential strategies to maintain or increase the surface elevation of Great Salt Lake. The list is not exhaustive, but reflects an attempt to compile a wide range of strategic options. No ranking or prioritization was completed as part of the compilation process. Inclusion in this document does not constitute an endorsement of any individual strategy by GSLAC or its members. These strategies are ongoing topics of discussion for GSLAC.
Great Salt Lake Health and Economic Significance
During 2011, the Great Salt Lake Advisory Council commissioned two reports to provide information that will aide the council in advising the Utah administrative and legislative bodies on the sustainable use, protection, and development of the Great Salt Lake.
The two major reports and the name of the contractor that led the effort were:
- Definition and Assessment of Great Salt Lake Health led by SWCA Environmental Consultants and Applied Conservation
- Economic Significance of the Great Salt Lake to the State of Utah led by Bioeconomics Inc.
Final Reports were submitted to the Council at the January, 2012 Work Meetings. Please click on the links below to view the fact sheets and final reports:
Past Activity
July 2017 Recommended State Water Strategy
July 2017 Recommended State Water Strategy
“We’re talking about the need to be nimble and adaptive, practical and proactive in our approach. We need to evaluate the future of water planning and its relevance to land use and economic planning so that it’s cohesive and resilient in the scheme of sustainability thinking for Utah’s population and our precious natural systems that includes Great Salt Lake.” -- Joanna Endter-Wada, USU and Advisory Team cohort.
With an eye on the projected doubling of Utah’s population by 2060 and how to reconcile this with managing the state’s water resources, in 2013 Governor Herbert initiated a 50-Year State Water Strategy. The strategy is supposed to “define priorities, inform water policy, and chart a path to maintaining and constructing needed infrastructure without breaking the bank or drying up our streams.”
Forty one of members of the Advisory Team, including FRIENDS of Great Salt Lake Executive Director Lynn DeFreitas, were tasked by the Governor to “(1) solicit and evaluate potential water management strategies; (2) frame various water management options and implications of those options for public feedback; and (3) based on broad input develop a set of recommended strategies and ideas to be considered a part of the 50-yr water plan.”
The Recommended State Water Strategy is the result of respectful and robust debate among team members working in small groups to identify the issues and recommendations that support the policy questions in the strategy.
The Recommended State Water Strategy focuses on 12 key policy questions and you can read the July 2017 Recommended State Water Strategy Here.
Photo: FRIENDS of Great Salt Lake Executive Director, Lynn de Freitas and the State Water Strategy Team after presenting the Strategy to Governor Herbert, July 2017.
Rep. Tim Hawkes' presentation to American Water Resources Association
In January of 2018, Utah House of Representatives member, Tim Hawkes, offered a presentation, "Meeting Utah's Environmental Water Needs," to the American Water Resources Association. To view his presentation, click here.
Report to Utah Legislature - A Performance Audit of Projections of Utah's Water Needs May 2015
2015 Utah Water Audit
A Legislative Audit to determine the reliability of the Utah Division of Water Resources data and assess the accuracy of its projections of water demand and supply to address projected water needs of Utah’s growing population by 2060 was released in May 2015. The audit lists a passel of things that need to be addressed to provide a more accurate picture of Utah’s water supply and needs. It also indicates that any shortfall in the water supply by 2060 could be filled from current sources with agricultural water conversions and more efficient water use without the need to develop 200,000 acre feet/annually of Bear River water.
You can read the entire audit here.
You can read the entire audit here
Proposed Bear River Development
Proposed Bear River Development
The State of Utah’s Bear River Development Project proposes to dam the Bear River to order to supply municipal water to the Wasatch Front. Estimated at $2 billion dollars, the project is proposed to divert 220,000 acre feet of water away from the Bear River, which in turn will significantly lower the water level of Great Salt Lake. Great Salt Lake receives approximately 60 percent of its water from the Bear River.
The Bear River Development Project is of concern to FRIENDS of Great Salt Lake because lowering the water level of Great Salt Lake has major implications for Great Salt Lake’s wetlands, migratory birds, and air quality. FRIENDS of Great Salt Lake is committed to supporting water supply alternatives to the Bear River Development Project.
Bear River Commission Public Hearing - 30 October 2017
The Bear River Commission is undertaking a 20 year review of the Bear River Compact. A public hearing is scheduled for Thursday, November 2, 2017 at 7:00 PM at the Utah Department of Natural Resources (1594 West North Temple, Salt Lake City).
In addition to the public hearing, the Commission encourages the public to provide written comments. All written and e-mail comments must be received at the Commission’s office by 5:00 p.m. on Monday, December 4, 2017.
Will Utah Dam the Bear River?
The Wasatch Front faces drier times and a growing population, threatening Great Salt Lake.
by Emily Benson of High Country News
Amid the wave of dams coming down across the nation, several places are bucking the trend. New dams have been proposed in California, Colorado, Utah and other Western states. The motivations behind the projects are complex, but in some cases the same fears drive dam defenders and detractors alike: a drier future and rising populations.
Utah is seeking additional water sources to address its growth. There, legislators decreed in 1991 that the Bear River, the Great Salt Lake’s largest tributary, should host a water development project. Two and a half decades later, scientists, policy experts, environmentalists, residents and water managers are still grappling with whether or not — and how — to move forward with damming the Bear.
The answers they come to will have consequences for the $1.3 billion generated each year by industries reliant on the Great Salt Lake. The lake’s ecology, its wetlands and the millions of migratory birds that depend on it are also at risk — as is the health of the more than 2 million people who live nearby and could breathe in harmful dust from a drying lakebed. Caught between the dire costs of construction and the specter of dwindling water supplies, the Bear River diversion forces uncomfortable questions. Does it make sense to build a new dam project, decades after the heyday of big dams is over? How do you decide?
Railroad Causeway Breach
Railroad Causeway Breach
The new Great Salt Lake breach was opened on December 1 by the Union Pacific Railroad Company. This created a new opening between the north and the south arm of the Lake, allowing water to flow between the two sides.
This time-lapse video shows the breach opening, which took about two hours.
Before the new breach was opened, the north arm of Great Salt Lake was at a historic low. Water had stopped flowing through the old Great Salt Lake causeway breach, preventing water travel between the southern and northern portions. Water levels in the south arm were approximately 3.3 feet higher than the north arm when the breach was opened.
The USGS is monitoring discharge through the new breach in cooperation with Utah Department of Environmental Quality.
The USGS provides real-time lake elevation readings for both the north arm (Click Here for North Arm Data) and south arm (Click Here for South Arm Data) of Great Salt Lake. These gauging stations will be a valuable resource to observe the water level changes as the two portions of the lake combine and even out.
The USGS maintains a record of Great Salt Lake elevations dating back to 1847 and has continuously measured the elevation of the lake since 1938.
Read More Here: Great Salt Lake Causeway Breach Concerns Mineral, Brine Shrimp Industries by Leia Larsen, Standard Examiner.
Photos of the breach were taken by Dr. Wayne Wurtsbaugh.